ABSTRACT
Los tumores neuroendocrinos (TNE) del aparato gastrointestinal representan menos del 5% de las neoplasias del aparato gastrointestinal siendo el intestino delgado, en especial el íleon, donde se presentan mayor frecuencia (30%). Se originan del sistema endocrino difuso gastrointestinal y tienen capacidad de secretar péptidos y aminas bioactivas, principalmente la 5-hidroxitriptamina (5-HT) o serotonina. La Organización mundial de la salud (OMS) los clasifica de acuerdo al grado de diferenciación y conducta biológica en 5 grados. Las manifestaciones clínicas pueden estar ausentes o ser inespecíficas, su hallazgo, como en el caso de nuestra paciente, puede ser casual. Se reporta el caso de paciente femenino de 56 años la cual consultó por distensión abdominal y dolor anorrectal, realizándose colonoscopia con ileoscopia encontrando tumor subepitelial en íleon terminal con inmunohistoquímica que reportó: Tumor neuroendocrino bien diferenciado. El tratamiento de los TNE varía desde la resección quirúrgica en los estadíos menos avanzados hasta tratamiento quirúrgico asociado a quimioterapia y radioterapia en los más avanzados con una tasa de supervivencia a los 5 y 10 años de 73 y 65% para tumores bien diferenciado. De allí la importancia del diagnóstico precoz. Asimismo resaltar la canulación de retiro de la válvula ileocecal durante la colonoscopia de pesquisa.
The gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (NET) represent less than 5% of the gastrointestinal tract neoplasms, being the small bowel, specially ileum, the most frequent location (30%). They originate from the diffuse endocrine gastrointestinal system and are able to secrete peptides and bioactive amines, mainly the 5-hidroxitryptamine (5-HT) or serotonine. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies them according to its differentiation grade and biological behavior in 5 grades. The clinical manifestations could be absent or non specifics. Its finding, as in our patient case, can be casual. We report a case of a 56 years old female patient who complained of abdominal distention and anorectal pain. A colonoscopy with ileoscopy was performed finding a subepithelial tumor in the terminal ileum which inmunohistochemestry reported: Well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor. The treatment of NET varies from surgical resection alone in the less advanced stages, to surgical treatment associated to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the most advanced stages, with a survival rate of 73 and 65% in the 5 and 10 years for the well differentiated tumors, being very important its early diagnosis. Equally must be highlighted the canulation of ileum cecal valve during a screening colonoscopy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Intestine, Small/injuries , Ileal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ileal Neoplasms/therapy , Neuroendocrine Tumors/diagnosis , Gastroenterology , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Medical OncologyABSTRACT
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the lymphohematopoietic system, that occurs in lymph nodes, skin and at extranodal sites, particularly the gastrointestinal tract. Although it shows characteristics histoiogical and immunohistochemical features, it may be misdiagnosed. We report a 67 year-old female patient presenting with colicky abdominal pain and vomiting. A CT sean of the abdomen revealed a tumor in the ileum, that was surgically removed. On pathology, the neoplastic cells displayed large abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, with bizarre-shaped nuclei, that expressed CD 45, CD 68 and lisozyme. The diagnosis of HS requires the use of a panel of immunohistochemical markers and may be supported by ultrastructural findings .
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Histiocytic Sarcoma/pathology , Ileal Neoplasms/pathology , Histiocytic Sarcoma/therapy , Ileal Neoplasms/therapy , Lymph Nodes/pathologyABSTRACT
El linfoma de intestino delgado es una entidad cuya incidencia oscila entre el 1 y 4 por ciento de todos los tumores malignos del aparato digestivo. Es habitual su presentación clínica como cuadros agudos de abdomen, lo que determina que el cirujano se enfrente a los mismos en los servicios de urgencia. En estas circunstancias, y con un diagnóstico etiológico no siempre establecido, se emprende el tratamiento quirúrgico. Su confirmación anátomo patológica, permite emprender el tratamiento adyuvante en base a quimio y radioterapia. Se analizan en forma retrospectiva seis casos clínicos que se presentaron como cuadros agudos de abdomen y fueron sometidos a cirugía de urgencia, sin complicaciones ni mortalidad operatoria.
Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Jejunal Neoplasms , Lymphoma , Ileal Neoplasms/complications , Ileal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Abdomen, Acute , Intestinal Neoplasms , Jejunal Neoplasms , Lymphoma , Ileal Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
Two patients with primary Hodgkin's disease of the small intestine are reported because of rarity of this condition. Both patients presented with primary intestinal symptoms and were diagnosed after surgical resection. The modalities of treatment and favorable long term survival are presented.